Tạo cột động sử dụng Data SQL Server trong Gridview nâng cao

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(Cách tạo Columns động sử dụng Data SQL Server cho Gridview) – Các bài viết trước thủ thuật tin học đã giới thiệu với các bạn cách tạo Colunms động cho Gridview. Tuy nhiên các cách xây dựng đó chỉ áp dụng đối với các BoundField, bài viết này ngoài việc tạo các cột dạng BoundField sẽ có thêm dạng TemplateField. Không những thế ví dụ này còn cho phép khai báo thêm URL cho các Control Hyperlink.

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- B1: Tạo CSDL Customers trong SQL Server

- B2: Tạo Bảng Accounts có cấu trúc phía dưới

STT	Tên trường	Kiểu trường	Ghi chú
1	AccountID	Int	Trường tự tăng
2	AccountCode	nvarchar(25)
3	AccName	nvarchar(250)
4	AccAddress	nvarchar(250)
5	AccPhone	nvarchar(50)
6	AccFAX	nvarchar(50)
7	AccEmail	nvarchar(50)
8	AccWebsite	nvarchar(150)
9	AccDesc	nvarchar(1500)
10	CreatedDate	datetime
11	ModifiedDate	datetime

- B3: Nhập dữ liệu cho bảng Accounts

- B4: Tạo Bảng ColumnSettings có cấu trúc phía dưới trong CSDL SQL Server

STT	Tên trường	Kiểu trường	Ghi chú
1	FieldID	Int	Trường tự tăng
2	FieldName	nvarchar(100)
3	FieldTitle	nvarchar(100)
3	CommandArgument	nvarchar(100)
4	Alignment	nvarchar(25)
5	Format	nvarchar(100)
6	IsControl	nvarchar(100)
7	URL	nvarchar(100)
8	IsVisible	Bit
9	SortOrder	Int

- B5: Nhập dữ liệu cho bảng ColumnSettings

- B6: Tạo stored procedure trong SQL Server

USE [Customers]

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[Pro_Accounts_List]

@Keyword nvarchar(250),

@SortField nvarchar(50),

@SortType nvarchar(10)

declare @strSQL nvarchar(1000)

declare @strWhere nvarchar(500)

declare @strOrder nvarchar (50)

set @strSQL= 'Select * from Accounts'

set @strWhere =' Where 1=1 '

if @Keyword<>''

set @strWhere= @strWhere +' And (AccountCode like N''%' +@Keyword+'%''

Or AccName like N''%' +@Keyword+'%'' Or AccAddress like N''%' +@Keyword+'%''

Or AccPhone like N''%' +@Keyword+'%'' Or AccFAX like N''%' +@Keyword+'%''

Or AccEmail like N''%' +@Keyword+'%'' Or AccWebsite like N''%' +@Keyword+'%'')'

if @SortField='CreatedDate'

Begin

set @strOrder =' Order by CreatedDate'

End

Else

Begin

set @strOrder =' Order by AccName'

End

set @strSQL=@strSQL+@strWhere+@strOrder

print @strSQL

exec sp_executesql @strSQL

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[Pro_Accounts_Get]

@AccountID int

SELECT * FROM Accounts

WHERE

AccountID = @AccountID

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[Pro_ColumnSettings_List]

@Keyword nvarchar(250),

@SortField nvarchar(50),

@IsVisible bit

declare @strSQL nvarchar(1000)

declare @strWhere nvarchar(500)

declare @strOrder nvarchar (50)

set @strSQL= 'Select * from ColumnSettings'

set @strWhere =' Where 1=1 '

if @Keyword<>''

set @strWhere= @strWhere +' And (FieldName like N''%' +@Keyword+'%''

Or FieldTitle like N''%' +@Keyword+'%'')'

if @IsVisible=0

set @strWhere= @strWhere +' and (IsVisible=0 Or IsVisible Is Null)'

if @IsVisible=1

set @strWhere= @strWhere +' and (IsVisible=1)'

if @SortField='SortOrder'

Begin

set @strOrder =' Order by SortOrder'

End

Else

Begin

set @strOrder =' Order by ' + @SortField

End

set @strSQL=@strSQL+@strWhere+@strOrder

print @strSQL

exec sp_executesql @strSQL

Bạn có thể tải về bảng cơ sở dữ liệu SQL bằng cách nhấn vào liên kết tải về dưới đây

- B7: Tạo Project trong Microsoft Visual Studio 2010

Trong Visual Studio tạo 1 Class có tên: Utility và nhập đoạn Code phía dưới cho Class này.

Imports System.Data.SqlClient

Imports System.Data

Namespace DynamicallyColumnsGridView

Public Class SqlDataProvider

#Region "Membres Prives"

Shared _IsError As Boolean = False

Private _connectionString As String

#End Region

#Region "Constructeurs"

Public Sub New()

Try

_connectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings("SiteSqlServer").ConnectionString

_IsError = False

Catch ex As Exception

_IsError = True

End Try

End Sub

#End Region

#Region "Proprietes"

Public ReadOnly Property ConnectionString() As String

Get

Return _connectionString

End Get

End Property

#End Region

#Region "Functions"

Public Function FillTable(ByVal ProcName As String, ByVal ParamArray Para() As ObjectPara) As DataTable

Try

Dim tb As New DataTable

Dim adap As New SqlDataAdapter(ProcName, _connectionString)

adap.SelectCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure

If Not Para Is Nothing Then

For Each p As ObjectPara In Para

adap.SelectCommand.Parameters.Add(New SqlParameter(p.Name, p.Value))

End If

adap.Fill(tb)

Return tb

Catch ex As Exception

Return Nothing

End Try

End Function

Public Function GetRow(ByVal ProcName As String, ByVal ParamArray Para() As ObjectPara) As DataRow

Try

Dim tb As New DataTable

Dim adap As New SqlDataAdapter(ProcName, _connectionString)

adap.SelectCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure

For Each p As ObjectPara In Para

adap.SelectCommand.Parameters.Add(New SqlParameter(p.Name, p.Value))

adap.Fill(tb)

If tb.Rows.Count Then

Return tb.Rows(0)

End If

Catch ex As Exception

Return Nothing

End Try

Return Nothing

End Function

#End Region

End Class

Public Class ObjectPara

Dim _name As String

Dim _Value As Object

Sub New(ByVal Pname As String, ByVal PValue As Object)

_name = Pname

_Value = PValue

End Sub

Public Property Name() As String

Get

Return _name

End Get

Set(ByVal value As String)

_name = value

End Set

End Property

Public Property Value() As Object

Get

Return _Value

End Get

Set(ByVal value As Object)

_Value = value

End Set

End Property

End Class

Public Class HyperLinkColumnTemplate

Inherits System.Web.UI.Page

Implements System.Web.UI.ITemplate

Private mobjTemplateType As System.Web.UI.WebControls.ListItemType

Private objGrid As GridView

Private sControlID As String

Private sCaption As String

Private sColumnName As String

Private sHyperLink As String

Private sCommandArgument As String

Private ItemID As Integer

Sub New(ByVal MyGrid As GridView, ByVal ControlID As String, ByVal Caption As String, ByVal ColumnName As String, ByVal CommandArgument As String, ByVal HyperLink As String, ByVal Type As System.Web.UI.WebControls.ListItemType)

objGrid = MyGrid

mobjTemplateType = Type

sControlID = ControlID

sCaption = Caption

sColumnName = ColumnName

sCommandArgument = CommandArgument

sHyperLink = HyperLink

End Sub

Public Sub InstantiateIn(ByVal container As System.Web.UI.Control) Implements System.Web.UI.ITemplate.InstantiateIn

Dim objHyperLink As System.Web.UI.WebControls.HyperLink

Select Case mobjTemplateType

Case Web.UI.WebControls.ListItemType.Item, _

Web.UI.WebControls.ListItemType.AlternatingItem, _

Web.UI.WebControls.ListItemType.SelectedItem

objHyperLink = New System.Web.UI.WebControls.HyperLink

With objHyperLink

.ID = "lnk" & sControlID

.Text = sCaption

AddHandler objHyperLink.DataBinding, AddressOf HyperLinkItem_DataBinding

End With

container.Controls.Add(objHyperLink)

End Select

End Sub

Private Sub HyperLinkItem_DataBinding(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)

Dim ItemID As Integer = -1

Dim HyperLinkItem As HyperLink = DirectCast(sender, HyperLink)

Dim CurrentRow As GridViewRow = DirectCast(HyperLinkItem.NamingContainer, GridViewRow)

Dim CurrentDataItem As Object = DataBinder.Eval(CurrentRow.DataItem, sColumnName)

If sCommandArgument <> "" Then

ItemID = DataBinder.Eval(CurrentRow.DataItem, sCommandArgument)

End If

With HyperLinkItem

.Text = CurrentDataItem.ToString()

If sHyperLink <> "" Then

.NavigateUrl = String.Format(sHyperLink, ItemID)

End If

End With

End Sub

End Class

Public Class GridViewColumnTemplate

Public Sub AddColumnHyperLink(ByVal grvObject As GridView, ByVal Title As String, ByVal ColumnName As String, ByVal KeyName As String, ByVal URL As String, ByVal Align As String)

Dim objTemplateColumn As System.Web.UI.WebControls.TemplateField

Dim strCellPrefix As String

objTemplateColumn = New System.Web.UI.WebControls.TemplateField

objTemplateColumn.ItemTemplate = New HyperLinkColumnTemplate(grvObject, ColumnName, ColumnName, ColumnName, KeyName, URL, ListItemType.Item)

objTemplateColumn.HeaderText = Title

strCellPrefix = Title

With objTemplateColumn

Select Case Align.ToLower

Case "left"

.ItemStyle.HorizontalAlign = HorizontalAlign.Left

Case "right"

.ItemStyle.HorizontalAlign = HorizontalAlign.Right

Case "center"

.ItemStyle.HorizontalAlign = HorizontalAlign.Center

End Select

.HeaderStyle.CssClass = strCellPrefix.Replace("[L]", "") & "Header"

.ItemStyle.CssClass = strCellPrefix.Replace("[L]", "") & "Cell"

End With

grvObject.Columns.Add(objTemplateColumn)

End Sub

Public Sub AddBoundColumn(ByVal grvObject As GridView, ByVal Title As String, ByVal DataField As String, ByVal Align As String, ByVal Format As String)

Dim objBoundColumn As System.Web.UI.WebControls.BoundField

objBoundColumn = New System.Web.UI.WebControls.BoundField

With objBoundColumn

.DataField = DataField

If Format <> "" Then

.DataFormatString = Format

End If

.HeaderText = Title

Select Case Align.ToLower

Case "left"

.ItemStyle.HorizontalAlign = HorizontalAlign.Left

Case "right"

.ItemStyle.HorizontalAlign = HorizontalAlign.Right

Case "center"

.ItemStyle.HorizontalAlign = HorizontalAlign.Center

End Select

End With

objBoundColumn.HeaderStyle.CssClass = Title.Replace("[L]", "") & "Header"

objBoundColumn.ItemStyle.CssClass = Title.Replace("[L]", "") & "Cell"

grvObject.Columns.Add(objBoundColumn)

End Sub

End Class

End Namespace

Chú ý: Thuộc tính SiteSqlServer chính là chuỗi Connect với SQL Server trong file Web.Config

- B8: Mở file Default.aspxdưới dạng HTML và nhập mã HTML

<%@ Page Title="Dynamically add BoundField and TemplateField Columns to GridView in ASP.Net" Language="vb" MasterPageFile="~/Site.Master" AutoEventWireup="false" EnableEventValidation= "false" CodeBehind="Default.aspx.vb" Inherits="DynamicallyColumnsGridView._Default" %>

<asp:Content ID="BodyContent" runat="server" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent">

<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server">

</asp:ScriptManager>

<h3>

Dynamically add Columns to GridView in ASP.Net

</h3>

<asp:UpdatePanel ID="updatePanel" runat="server" UpdateMode="Conditional">

<tr>

<td>

</td>

<asp:Label ID="plKeyword" runat="server" Text="Keyword"></asp:Label>

<asp:TextBox ID="txtSearch" CssClass="form-control" ToolTip="Enter Keyword" runat="server" width="200px"></asp:TextBox>

<asp:ImageButton ID="cmdQuickSearch" runat="server" causesvalidation="false" imageurl="~/images/icon_search.gif"></asp:ImageButton>

</td>

</tr>

<asp:Label ID="lblMessage" runat="server" Text="No Data"></asp:Label>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<asp:GridView ID="grvObject" runat="server" AllowPaging="true" PageSize="12"

CssClass="GridStyle" BorderColor="#cbcbcb" BorderStyle="solid"

BorderWidth="1" AutoGenerateColumns="false" width="100%">

</asp:GridView>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

</ContentTemplate>

</asp:UpdatePanel>

</asp:Content>

- B9: Viết Code cho file Default.aspx

'Visit http://thuthuatlaptrinh.blogspot.com for more ASP.NET Tutorials

Imports System.Data.SqlClient

Namespace DynamicallyColumnsGridView

Public Class _Default

Inherits System.Web.UI.Page

#Region "Private Members"

Private oColumnTemplate As New GridViewColumnTemplate

#End Region

#Region "ColumnSettings"

Private Function BindColumnSettings() As DataTable

Dim objSQL As New SqlDataProvider

Dim objBind As New DataTable

'Caching

If Cache("Cache_DynamicColumns") Is Nothing Then

objBind = objSQL.FillTable("Pro_ColumnSettings_List", New ObjectPara("@Keyword", txtSearch.Text.Trim), _

New ObjectPara("@SortField", "SortOrder"), _

New ObjectPara("@IsVisible", 1))

Cache("Cache_DynamicColumns") = objBind

Else

objBind = CType(Cache("Cache_DynamicColumns"), DataTable)

End If

Return objBind

End Function

Private Sub LoadColumnSettings()

Dim objSQL As New SqlDataProvider

Dim objBind As New DataTable

Dim sControl As String = ""

Dim sFieldTitle As String = ""

Dim sFieldName As String = ""

Dim sCommandArgument As String = ""

Dim sURL As String = ""

Dim sAlignment As String = ""

Dim sFormat As String = ""

Dim b_Visible As String = ""

grvObject.Columns.Clear()

objBind = BindColumnSettings()

If Not objBind Is Nothing Then

If objBind.Rows.Count > 0 Then

For Each row As DataRow In objBind.Rows

sControl = "" : sCommandArgument = ""

If Not IsDBNull(row("IsVisible")) Then

b_Visible = row("IsVisible").ToString()

End If

If b_Visible Then

If Not IsDBNull(row("FieldName")) Then

sFieldName = row("FieldName").ToString()

End If

If Not IsDBNull(row("FieldTitle")) Then

sFieldTitle = row("FieldTitle").ToString()

End If

If Not IsDBNull(row("CommandArgument")) Then

sCommandArgument = row("CommandArgument").ToString()

End If

If Not IsDBNull(row("Alignment")) Then

sAlignment = row("Alignment").ToString()

End If

If Not IsDBNull(row("Format")) Then

sFormat = row("Format").ToString()

End If

If Not IsDBNull(row("URL")) Then

sURL = row("URL").ToString()

End If

If Not IsDBNull(row("IsControl")) Then

sControl = row("IsControl").ToString()

End If

If sControl = "Hyperlink" Then

oColumnTemplate.AddColumnHyperLink(grvObject, sFieldTitle, sFieldName, sCommandArgument, sURL, sAlignment)

Else

oColumnTemplate.AddBoundColumn(grvObject, sFieldTitle, sFieldName, sAlignment, sFormat)

End If

End Sub

#End Region

#Region "Bind Data"

Private Sub BindAccount()

Dim objBind As New DataTable

objBind = BindData()

If Not objBind Is Nothing Then

If objBind.Rows.Count > 0 Then

grvObject.DataSource = objBind

grvObject.DataBind()

trMessage.Visible = False

grvObject.Visible = True

Else

trMessage.Visible = True

grvObject.Visible = False

End If

updatePanel.Update()

End If

End Sub

Private Function BindData() As DataTable

Dim objSQL As New SqlDataProvider

Dim objBind As DataTable = objSQL.FillTable("Pro_Accounts_List", New ObjectPara("@Keyword", txtSearch.Text.Trim), _

New ObjectPara("@SortField", "CreatedDate"), _

New ObjectPara("@SortType", "DESC"))

Return objBind

End Function

#End Region

#Region "GridView Methods"

Private Sub grvObject_PageIndexChanging(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Web.UI.WebControls.GridViewPageEventArgs) Handles grvObject.PageIndexChanging

grvObject.PageIndex = e.NewPageIndex

BindAccount()

End Sub

#End Region

#Region "Event Handles"

Protected Sub Page_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Load

Try

LoadColumnSettings()

BindAccount()

If Page.IsPostBack = False Then

Page.Form.DefaultButton = cmdQuickSearch.UniqueID

End If

Catch ex As Exception

End Try

End Sub

Private Sub cmdQuickSearch_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles cmdQuickSearch.Click

BindAccount()

End Sub

#End Region

End Class

End Namespace

- B10: Tạo file View.aspxdưới dạng HTML và nhập mã HTML

<%@ Page Title="View" Language="vb" MasterPageFile="~/Site.Master" AutoEventWireup="false" CodeBehind="View.aspx.vb" Inherits="DynamicallyColumnsGridView.View" %>

<asp:Content ID="HeaderContent" runat="server" ContentPlaceHolderID="HeadContent">

</asp:Content>

<asp:Content ID="BodyContent" runat="server" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent">

<tr>

<td>

<asp:label id="lblHeader" runat="server" Text="VIEW DATA"></asp:label>

</div>

<tr>

<asp:Label ID="lblItemID" Visible="false" runat="server"/>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

<asp:label id="plAccountCode" runat="server" CssClass="label" Text="Account Code"></asp:label>

</td>

<asp:Label ID="lblAccCode" runat="server"></asp:Label>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

<asp:Label ID="plAccName" runat="server" CssClass="label" Text="Account Name"></asp:Label>

</td>

<asp:Label ID="lblAccName" runat="server"></asp:Label>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

<asp:Label ID="plAccAddress" runat="server" CssClass="label" Text="Address"></asp:Label>

</td>

<asp:Label ID="lblAccAddress" runat="server"></asp:Label>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<asp:Label ID="plPhone" runat="server" CssClass="label" Text="Phone"></asp:Label>

</td>

<asp:Label ID="lblAccPhone" runat="server"></asp:Label>

</td>

<asp:Label ID="plAccFax" runat="server" CssClass="label" Text="Fax"></asp:Label>

</td>

<td>

<asp:Label ID="lblAccFax" runat="server"></asp:Label>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

<asp:Label ID="plAccEmail" runat="server" CssClass="label" Text="Email"></asp:Label>

</td>

<td>

<asp:Label ID="lblAccEmail" runat="server"></asp:Label>

</td>

<td>

<asp:Label ID="plWebsite" runat="server" CssClass="label" Text="Website"></asp:Label>

</td>

<td>

<asp:Label ID="lblAccWebsite" runat="server"></asp:Label>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

<asp:Label ID="plDescription" runat="server" CssClass="label" Text="Description"></asp:Label>

</td>

<asp:Label id="lblDescription" runat="server"></asp:Label>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

</div>

<asp:LinkButton id="cmdCancel" runat="server" CssClass="btn btn-small" Causesvalidation="false">

</asp:LinkButton>

</div>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

</asp:Content>

- B11: Viết Code cho file View.aspx

Namespace DynamicallyColumnsGridView

Public Class View

Inherits System.Web.UI.Page

#Region "Private Members"

Private ItemID As Integer = -1

#End Region

#Region "Get Info"

Private Sub GetInfo(ByVal ItemID As Integer)

Dim objSQL As New SqlDataProvider

Dim objInfo As DataRow = objSQL.GetRow("Pro_Accounts_Get", New ObjectPara("@AccountID", ItemID))

If Not objInfo Is Nothing Then

With objInfo

If Not IsDBNull(objInfo("AccountCode")) Then

lblAccCode.Text = objInfo("AccountCode")

End If

If Not IsDBNull(objInfo("AccName")) Then

lblAccName.Text = objInfo("AccName")

End If

If Not IsDBNull(objInfo("AccAddress")) Then

lblAccAddress.Text = objInfo("AccAddress")

End If

If Not IsDBNull(objInfo("AccPhone")) Then

lblAccPhone.Text = objInfo("AccPhone")

End If

If Not IsDBNull(objInfo("AccFAX")) Then

lblAccFax.Text = objInfo("AccFAX")

End If

If Not IsDBNull(objInfo("AccEmail")) Then

lblAccEmail.Text = objInfo("AccEmail")

End If

If Not IsDBNull(objInfo("AccWebsite")) Then

lblAccWebsite.Text = objInfo("AccWebsite")

End If

If Not IsDBNull(objInfo("AccDesc")) Then

lblDescription.Text = objInfo("AccDesc")

End If

End With

End If

End Sub

#End Region

#Region "Event Handles"

Protected Sub Page_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Load

Try

If Not Request.QueryString("ItemID") Is Nothing Then

ItemID = Int32.Parse(Request.QueryString("ItemID"))

End If

If Page.IsPostBack = False Then

GetInfo(ItemID)

End If

Catch ex As Exception

End Try

End Sub

Private Sub cmdCancel_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles cmdCancel.Click

Response.Redirect("Default.aspx")

End Sub

#End Region

End Class

End Namespace

Sau khi chạy Project, khi click vào các giá trị ở cột Code và Name chương trình sẽ chuyển đến trang View.aspx hiển thị thông tin chi tiết về khách hàng.

Chúc các bạn thành công!

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