How to Perform Sorting in Gridview in ASP.NET

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(Sort Column in Gridview Asp.net) – Đối với các danh sách dữ liệu nhiều, chức năng tìm kiếm, sắp xếp thông tin sẽ giúp người sử dụng nhanh chóng dễ dàng hơn trong việc xem thông tin. Nếu như bạn đã sử dụng Excel thì chức năng này rất quen thuộc khi làm việc. Theo mặc định dữ liệu hiển thị trên Gridview sẽ chưa có chức năng Sort, bài viết dưới đây sẽ hướng dẫn cách bạn cách đưa chức năng Sort vào Gridview. Mỗi khi kích vào tiêu đề một cột dữ liệu nào đó trên Gridview, dữ liệu sẽ được tự động sắp xếp và tại cột sắp xếp sẽ xuất hiện các mũi tên để người sử dụng có thể nhận biết được hướng sắp xếp.

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- B1: Tạo CSDL Customers trong SQL Server

- B2: Tạo Bảng Accounts có cấu trúc phía dưới

STT	Tên trường	Kiểu trường	Ghi chú
1	AccountID	Int	Trường tự tăng
2	AccountCode	nvarchar(25)
3	AccName	nvarchar(250)
4	AccAddress	nvarchar(250)
5	AccPhone	nvarchar(50)
6	AccFAX	nvarchar(50)
7	AccEmail	nvarchar(50)
8	AccWebsite	nvarchar(150)
9	AccDesc	nvarchar(1500)
10	CreatedDate	datetime
11	ModifiedDate	datetime

- B3: Nhập dữ liệu cho bảng Accounts

- B4: Tạo stored procedure trong SQL Server

USE [Customers]

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[Pro_Accounts_List]

@Keyword nvarchar(250),

@SortField nvarchar(50),

@SortType nvarchar(10)

declare @strSQL nvarchar(1000)

declare @strWhere nvarchar(500)

declare @strOrder nvarchar (50)

set @strSQL= 'Select * from Accounts'

set @strWhere =' Where 1=1 '

if @Keyword<>''

set @strWhere= @strWhere +' And (AccountCode like N''%' +@Keyword+'%''

Or AccName like N''%' +@Keyword+'%'' Or AccAddress like N''%' +@Keyword+'%''

Or AccPhone like N''%' +@Keyword+'%'' Or AccFAX like N''%' +@Keyword+'%''

Or AccEmail like N''%' +@Keyword+'%'' Or AccWebsite like N''%' +@Keyword+'%'')'

if @SortField=''

Begin

set @strOrder =' Order by AccName'

End

Else

Begin

set @strOrder =' Order by '+ @SortField + ' '+ @SortType

End

set @strSQL=@strSQL+@strWhere+@strOrder

print @strSQL

exec sp_executesql @strSQL

Bạn có thể tải về bảng cơ sở dữ liệu SQL bằng cách nhấn vào liên kết tải về dưới đây

- B5: Tạo Project trong Microsoft Visual Studio 2010

Trong Visual Studio tạo 1 Class có tên: Utility và nhập đoạn Code phía dưới cho Class này.

Imports System.Data.SqlClient

Imports System.Data

Namespace PerformSortingInGriview

Public Class SqlDataProvider

#Region "Membres Prives"

Shared _IsError As Boolean = False

Private _connectionString As String

#End Region

#Region "Constructeurs"

Public Sub New()

Try

_connectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings("SiteSqlServer").ConnectionString

_IsError = False

Catch ex As Exception

_IsError = True

End Try

End Sub

#End Region

#Region "Proprietes"

Public ReadOnly Property ConnectionString() As String

Get

Return _connectionString

End Get

End Property

#End Region

#Region "Functions"

Public Function FillTable(ByVal ProcName As String, ByVal ParamArray Para() As ObjectPara) As DataTable

Try

Dim tb As New DataTable

Dim adap As New SqlDataAdapter(ProcName, _connectionString)

adap.SelectCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure

If Not Para Is Nothing Then

For Each p As ObjectPara In Para

adap.SelectCommand.Parameters.Add(New SqlParameter(p.Name, p.Value))

End If

adap.Fill(tb)

Return tb

Catch ex As Exception

Return Nothing

End Try

End Function

#End Region

End Class

Public Class ObjectPara

Dim _name As String

Dim _Value As Object

Sub New(ByVal Pname As String, ByVal PValue As Object)

_name = Pname

_Value = PValue

End Sub

Public Property Name() As String

Get

Return _name

End Get

Set(ByVal value As String)

_name = value

End Set

End Property

Public Property Value() As Object

Get

Return _Value

End Get

Set(ByVal value As Object)

_Value = value

End Set

End Property

End Class

End Namespace

Chú ý: Thuộc tính SiteSqlServer chính là chuỗi Connect với SQL Server trong file Web.Config

- B6: Download các file ảnh tại đây, copy các file ảnh vào thư mục Images của Project

- B7: Mở file Default.aspx dưới dạng HTML và nhập mã HTML

<%@ Page Title="Sorting and Paging with Gridview in ASP.NET" Language="vb" MasterPageFile="~/Site.Master" AutoEventWireup="false" EnableEventValidation= "false" CodeBehind="Default.aspx.vb" Inherits="PerformSortingInGriview._Default" %>

<asp:Content ID="BodyContent" runat="server" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent">

<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server">

</asp:ScriptManager>

<h3>

Sorting and Paging with Gridview in ASP.NET

</h3>

<asp:UpdatePanel ID="updatePanel" runat="server" UpdateMode="Conditional">

<tr>

<td>

</td>

<asp:Label ID="plKeyword" runat="server" Text="Keyword"></asp:Label>

<asp:TextBox ID="txtSearch" CssClass="form-control" ToolTip="Enter Keyword" runat="server" width="200px"></asp:TextBox>

<asp:ImageButton ID="cmdQuickSearch" runat="server" causesvalidation="false" imageurl="~/images/icon_search.gif"></asp:ImageButton>

</td>

</tr>

<asp:Label ID="lblMessage" runat="server" Text="No Data"></asp:Label>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<asp:GridView ID="grvObject" runat="server" AllowPaging="true" PageSize="12" AllowSorting="true"

CssClass="GridStyle" BorderColor="#cbcbcb" BorderStyle="solid"

BorderWidth="1" AutoGenerateColumns="false" DataKeyNames="AccountID" width="100%">

<asp:TemplateField HeaderText = "Number">

<asp:Label ID="lblRowNumber" Text='<%# Container.DataItemIndex + 1 %>' runat="server" />

<asp:Label ID="lblItemID" Text='<%# Eval("AccountID") %>' Visible="false" runat="server"></asp:Label>

</ItemTemplate>

</asp:TemplateField>

<asp:BoundField ItemStyle-Width="10%" DataField="AccountCode" HeaderText="AccountCode" SortExpression="AccountCode" />

<asp:BoundField ItemStyle-Width="15%" DataField="AccName" HeaderText="AccountName" SortExpression="AccName" />

<asp:BoundField ItemStyle-Width="10%" DataField="AccPhone" HeaderText="Phone" SortExpression="AccPhone" />

<asp:BoundField ItemStyle-Width="10%" DataField="AccFAX" HeaderText="FAX" SortExpression="AccFAX" />

<asp:BoundField ItemStyle-Width="15%" DataField="AccEmail" HeaderText="Email" SortExpression="AccEmail" />

</Columns>

</asp:GridView>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

</ContentTemplate>

</asp:UpdatePanel>

</asp:Content>

- B8: Viết Code cho file Default.aspx

C# Code

//Visit http://www.laptrinhdotnet.com for more ASP.NET Tutorials

using Microsoft.VisualBasic;

using System;

using System.Collections;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Data;

using System.Web.UI;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using System.Diagnostics;

namespace SortInGridview

{

public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page

{

#region "Const"

private const string ASCENDING = " ASC";

private const string DESCENDING = " DESC";

#endregion

#region "Properties"

private SortDirection GridViewSortDirection

{

get

{

if (ViewState["sortDirection"] == null)

{

ViewState["sortDirection"] = SortDirection.Ascending;

}

return (SortDirection)ViewState["sortDirection"];

}

set { ViewState["sortDirection"] = value; }

}

public string SortField

{

get

{

object o = ViewState["SortExpression"];

if (o == null)

{

return "AccName";

}

return Convert.ToString(o);

}

set { ViewState["SortExpression"] = value; }

}

#endregion

#region "Bind Data"

private void BindAccount(string SortExpression)

{

DataTable objBind = new DataTable();

if (GridViewSortDirection == SortDirection.Ascending)

{

objBind = BindData(SortExpression, DESCENDING);

}

else

{

objBind = BindData(SortExpression, ASCENDING);

}

if (objBind != null)

{

if (objBind.Rows.Count > 0)

{

grvObject.DataSource = objBind;

grvObject.DataBind();

trMessage.Visible = false;

grvObject.Visible = true;

}

else

{

trMessage.Visible = true;

grvObject.Visible = false;

}

updatePanel.Update();

}

private DataTable BindData(string SortExpression, string SortType)

{

SqlDataProvider objSQL = new SqlDataProvider();

DataTable objBind = objSQL.FillTable("Pro_Accounts_List", new ObjectPara("@Keyword", txtSearch.Text), new ObjectPara("@SortField", SortExpression), new ObjectPara("@SortType", SortType));

return objBind;

}

#endregion

#region "GridSort"

private void AddSortDirectionImage(int columnIndex, GridViewRow headerRow)

{

Image sortImage = new Image();

if (GridViewSortDirection == SortDirection.Ascending)

{

sortImage.ImageUrl = "~/Images/sortascending.gif";

sortImage.AlternateText = "Ascending Order";

}

else

{

sortImage.ImageUrl = "~/Images/sortdescending.gif";

sortImage.AlternateText = "Descending Order";

}

headerRow.Cells[columnIndex].Controls.Add(sortImage);

}

private int GetSortColumnIndex()

{

string SortExpression = "";

foreach (DataControlField field in grvObject.Columns)

{

if (ViewState["SortExpression"] != null)

{

if (field.SortExpression == (string)ViewState["SortExpression"])

{

return grvObject.Columns.IndexOf(field);

}

else

{

SortExpression = "AccName";

if (field.SortExpression == SortExpression)

{

return grvObject.Columns.IndexOf(field);

}

return -1;

}

#endregion

#region "GridView Methods"

protected void grvObject_Sorting(object sender, System.Web.UI.WebControls.GridViewSortEventArgs e)

{

string sortExpression = e.SortExpression;

ViewState["SortExpression"] = sortExpression;

if (GridViewSortDirection == SortDirection.Ascending)

{

GridViewSortDirection = SortDirection.Descending;

BindAccount(sortExpression);

}

else

{

GridViewSortDirection = SortDirection.Ascending;

BindAccount(sortExpression);

}

protected void grvObject_RowCreated(object sender, System.Web.UI.WebControls.GridViewRowEventArgs e)

{

if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.Header)

{

int sortColumnIndex = GetSortColumnIndex();

if (sortColumnIndex != -1)

{

AddSortDirectionImage(sortColumnIndex, e.Row);

}

//Add Css for Header

foreach (Control ctl in e.Row.Controls)

{

foreach (Control ctl2 in ctl.Controls)

{

if (object.ReferenceEquals(ctl2.GetType().BaseType, typeof(LinkButton)))

{

((LinkButton)ctl2).CssClass = "OrderBy";

}

protected void grvObject_PageIndexChanging(object sender, System.Web.UI.WebControls.GridViewPageEventArgs e)

{

grvObject.PageIndex = e.NewPageIndex;

BindAccount(SortField);

}

#endregion

#region "Event Handles"

protected void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{

try

{

if (!IsPostBack)

{

//Default Submit Button

Page.Form.DefaultButton = cmdQuickSearch.UniqueID;

BindAccount(SortField);

}

catch

{

}

protected void cmdQuickSearch_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{

BindAccount(SortField);

}

#endregion

}

VB.NET Code

'Visit http://www.laptrinhdotnet.com for more ASP.NET Tutorials

Imports System.Data.SqlClient

Namespace PerformSortingInGriview

Public Class _Default

Inherits System.Web.UI.Page

#Region "Const"

Private Const ASCENDING As String = " ASC"

Private Const DESCENDING As String = " DESC"

#End Region

#Region "Properties"

Private Property GridViewSortDirection() As SortDirection

Get

If ViewState("sortDirection") Is Nothing Then

ViewState("sortDirection") = SortDirection.Ascending

End If

Return DirectCast(ViewState("sortDirection"), SortDirection)

End Get

Set(ByVal value As SortDirection)

ViewState("sortDirection") = value

End Set

End Property

Property SortField() As String

Get

Dim o As Object = ViewState("SortExpression")

If o Is Nothing Then

Return "AccName"

End If

Return CStr(o)

End Get

Set(ByVal Value As String)

ViewState("SortExpression") = Value

End Set

End Property

#End Region

#Region "Bind Data"

Private Sub BindAccount(ByVal SortExpression As String)

Dim objBind As New DataTable

If GridViewSortDirection = SortDirection.Ascending Then

objBind = BindData(SortExpression, DESCENDING)

Else

objBind = BindData(SortExpression, ASCENDING)

End If

If Not objBind Is Nothing Then

If objBind.Rows.Count > 0 Then

grvObject.DataSource = objBind

grvObject.DataBind()

trMessage.Visible = False

grvObject.Visible = True

Else

trMessage.Visible = True

grvObject.Visible = False

End If

updatePanel.Update()

End If

End Sub

Private Function BindData(ByVal SortExpression As String, ByVal SortType As String) As DataTable

Dim objSQL As New SqlDataProvider

Dim objBind As DataTable = objSQL.FillTable("Pro_Accounts_List", New ObjectPara("@Keyword", txtSearch.Text.Trim), _

New ObjectPara("@SortField", SortExpression), _

New ObjectPara("@SortType", SortType))

Return objBind

End Function

#End Region

#Region "GridSort"

Private Sub AddSortDirectionImage(ByVal columnIndex As Integer, ByVal headerRow As GridViewRow)

Dim sortImage As New Image()

If GridViewSortDirection = SortDirection.Ascending Then

sortImage.ImageUrl = "~/Images/sortascending.gif"

sortImage.AlternateText = "Ascending Order"

Else

sortImage.ImageUrl = "~/Images/sortdescending.gif"

sortImage.AlternateText = "Descending Order"

End If

headerRow.Cells(columnIndex).Controls.Add(sortImage)

End Sub

Private Function GetSortColumnIndex() As Integer

Dim SortExpression As String = ""

For Each field As DataControlField In grvObject.Columns

If Not ViewState("SortExpression") Is Nothing Then

If field.SortExpression = DirectCast(ViewState("SortExpression"), String) Then

Return grvObject.Columns.IndexOf(field)

End If

Else

SortExpression = "AccName"

If field.SortExpression = SortExpression Then

Return grvObject.Columns.IndexOf(field)

End If

Return -1

End Function

#End Region

#Region "GridView Methods"

Private Sub grvObject_Sorting(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Web.UI.WebControls.GridViewSortEventArgs) Handles grvObject.Sorting

Dim sortExpression As String = e.SortExpression

ViewState("SortExpression") = sortExpression

If GridViewSortDirection = SortDirection.Ascending Then

GridViewSortDirection = SortDirection.Descending

BindAccount(sortExpression)

Else

GridViewSortDirection = SortDirection.Ascending

BindAccount(sortExpression)

End If

End Sub

Private Sub grvObject_RowCreated(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Web.UI.WebControls.GridViewRowEventArgs) Handles grvObject.RowCreated

If (e.Row.RowType = DataControlRowType.Header) Then

Dim sortColumnIndex As Integer = GetSortColumnIndex()

If sortColumnIndex <> -1 Then

AddSortDirectionImage(sortColumnIndex, e.Row)

End If

'Add Css for Header

For Each ctl As Control In e.Row.Controls

For Each ctl2 As Control In ctl.Controls

If ctl2.GetType().BaseType Is GetType(LinkButton) Then

DirectCast(ctl2, LinkButton).CssClass = "OrderBy"

End If

End Sub

Private Sub grvObject_PageIndexChanging(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Web.UI.WebControls.GridViewPageEventArgs) Handles grvObject.PageIndexChanging

grvObject.PageIndex = e.NewPageIndex

BindAccount(SortField)

End Sub

#End Region

#Region "Event Handles"

Protected Sub Page_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Load

Try

If Page.IsPostBack = False Then

'Default Submit Button

Page.Form.DefaultButton = cmdQuickSearch.UniqueID

BindAccount(SortField)

End If

Catch ex As Exception

End Try

End Sub

Private Sub cmdQuickSearch_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles cmdQuickSearch.Click

BindAccount(SortField)

End Sub

#End Region

End Class

End Namespace

Bây giờ chạy Project bạn sẽ có kết quả như ảnh phía dưới.

Chúc các bạn thành công!

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